1.Eastern Brown Snake
Scientific name: Pseudonaja textilis
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| Image source: http://animal.memozee.com/ |
This snake has the most toxic venom of any land snake in the world. The maximum yield recorded for one bite is 110mg, enough to kill about 100 humans, or 250,000 mice! With an LD/50 of 0.03mg/kg, it is 10 times as venomous as the Mojave Rattlesnake, and 50 times more than the common Cobra. Fortunately, the Inland Taipan is not particularly aggressive and is rarely encountered by humans in the wild. No fatalities have ever been recorded, though it could potentially kill an adult human within 45 minutes.
2. Death Adder
Scientific name-Acanthophis antarcticus
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Photo Credit. CSIRO
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org
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This is one of the most dangerous snake of Australia. It is one of the most venomous land snakes in Australia and globally. But interesting things is that it is facing increased threat from the ongoing Australian cane toad. It’s venom contains highly toxic neurotoxin. This cause death or paralysis. It comes to record as venomous snakes in Australia. Human death can occur within six hours.
The common death adder has a broad flattened, triangular head and a thick body with bands of red, brown and black with a grey, cream or pink belly. It can reach a maximum body length of 70–100 centimetres (2.3–3.3 ft). Death adders possess the longest fangs of any Australian snake. the common death adder is a member of the Elapidae family that is a family of venomous snakes found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, terrestrially in Asia, Australia, Africa, North America, and South America, and aquatically in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
3.Rattlesnake
Scientific name: Crotalus
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| Image Source : http://kids.nationalgeographic.com |
Approximately 7,000 to 8,000 people are bitten by venomous snakes in the United States each year, with about five deaths. One of the most important factor in survival following a severe envenomation is the time elapsed between the bite and treatment. Most deaths occur between six and 48 hours after the bite. If antivenom treatment is given within two hours of the bite, the probability of recovery is greater than 99%. Still, any bite by a rattlesnake must be considered a life-threatening medical emergency.
The snake uses the rattle to warn potential aggressors to back off or to distract prey. The famous rattle noise comes from the sound created when hollow and bony doughnut like segments in the rattle bang together. Rattlesnakes live in many places and habitats in the Western Hemisphere, from mountains to deserts and plains.
4.Inland Taipan
Scientific name: Oxyuranus microlepidotus
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| Image credit XLerate Sourcs https://commons.wikimedia.org/ |
The Inland Taipan whose scientific name, is a venomous snake of the taipan genus commonly found in semi-arid regions of central east Australia. The inland taipan is not just a venomous snake it's considered the most venomous snake in the world by many people. When compared drop for drop and based on the median lethal dose (LD50) value in mice, its venom is by far the most toxic of any land snake or even sea snakes. Although extremely venomous and a very capable striker, contrary to the rather aggressive nature of its relative the coastal taipan, this serpent is usually quite a shy and reclusive snake.
5.Eastern Brown Snake
Scientific name: Pseudonaja textilis
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| Image credit By Poyt448 Peter Woodard Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org |
The eastern brown snake is considered to be the second most venomous terrestrial snake. The venom has a SC LD50 range of 36.5 —53 μg/kg and consists mostly of neurotoxins (pre- & post-synaptic neurotoxins)[4] and blood coagulants. These snakes kept at venom supply laboratories yield an average of 2–10 mg of venom per milking. Engelmann and Obst (1981) give a venom yield of 2 mg (dry weight). As with most venomous snakes, the volume of venom produced is largely dependent on the size of the snake. Worrell (1963) reported a milking of 41.4 mg from a relatively large 2.1 metres (6.9 ft) specimen. This record is atypical, as the eastern brown snake yields a low volume of venom which is reported as not more than 10 mg, averaging only 2 mg (dry weight).
This species has an average total length (including tail) of 1.1–1.8 m (3.6–5.9 ft). The maximum recorded size for the species is 2.4 m (7.9 ft), although any specimen of greater than 2 m (6.6 ft) in total length would be considered exceptionally large. Large eastern brown snakes are often confused with "king brown" snakes (Pseudechis australis), whose habitat they share in many areas. Adult eastern brown snakes are highly variable in colour. Whilst usually a uniform shade of brown, they can have various patterns including speckles and bands, and range from a very pale fawn colour through to black, including orange, silver, yellow and grey. Juveniles can be banded and have a black head, with a lighter band behind, a black nape, and numerous red-brown spots on the belly.
6.Blue Krait
Scientific Name: Scientific name: Bungarus candidus
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| By Jayendra Chiplunkar https://commons.wikimedia.org/ |
The Malayan or Blue Krait is, by far, the most deadly of this species. Found throughout South East Asia and Indonesia, 50% of bites from the deadly Blue Krait are fatal, even with the administration of antivenin. Kraits hunt and kill other snakes, even cannibalizing other Kraits. They are a nocturnal breed, and are more aggressive under the cover of darkness. However, overall they are quite timid and will often attempt to hide rather than fight. The venom is a neurotoxin, 16 times more potent than that of a Cobra. It quickly induces muscle paralysis by preventing the ability of nerve endings to properly release the chemical that sends the message to the next nerve. This is followed by a period of massive over excitation (cramps, tremors, spasms), which finally tails off to paralysis. Fortunately, bites from Kraits are rare due to their nocturnal nature. Before the development of antivenin, the fatality rate was a whopping 85%. Even if antivenin is administered in time, you are far from assured survival.
About 50% of all bites from this krait results in human death – even with the administration of antivenin (antivenom). Death is the usual result if no treatment is given. Death usually occurs within 6-12 hours of a Krait bite. Even if patients make it to a hospital, permanent coma and even brain death from hypoxia may occur, given potentially long transport times to get medical care.
7.Black Mamba
Scientific name: Dendroaspis polylepis
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| By Bill Love/Blue Chameleon Ventures https://commons.wikimedia.org/ |
Black Mamba’s are the largest venomous snakes in Africa, with adults reaching average length of 8 feet (2.5m). Oddly, the black mamba is not black at all, but brown/olive in colour. The name comes from the inky black mouth they show when threatened. It can reach speeds of up to 12 mph (20 km/hr) when attacking, which means you probably couldn't outrun it. The black mamba can strike up to 12 times in quick succession – delivering enough neuro and cardio-toxic venom to kill over a dozen men within an hour. The toxin starts to take effect in only a few minutes and can cause paralysis, vomiting and loss of consciousness. They have been known to take down lions and other large predators when defending their territory. What does all this add up to: an extremely aggressive snake when cornered, that's probably faster than you and with only one strike can kill you in 30 minutes.
8.Tiger Snake
Scientific name: genus Notechis
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| Image credit: Britanica.com |
Tiger snake is a member of the Australian cobra family, Elapidae. Venom of this snake contains a blood-clotting agent as well as a nerve paralyzer. Before striking, the tiger snake flattens its head and neck, like cobra.
Tiger snakes habitat in moist areas and in dry, rocky habitats of southern Australia and adjacent islands. The black tiger snake is mainly limited to arid and rocky regions in South Australia. Tiger snakes eat frogs, birds, and mammals, and all attain adult lengths of 1 to 1.5 metres.
9.Philippine Cobra
Scientific name: Naja philippinensis
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| Image credit Mario Lutz.CC-BY-SA-3.0 Wikimedia Commons |
This snake is one of snake of Cobra family. It is one of the most poisonous snake of the world. This type of snakes are visible in Philippine and for this it is called Philippine Cobra. It is responsible for the death of Rice farmers in this tropical country. According to a research by the U.S Naval Medical Research Unit, the death rate from cobra's bites was estimated to be as high as 107.1 deaths per 100,000 per year at one site. Approximately 98% of the research victims were males, and only 8% of them reached a hospital.
10.Saw Scaled Viper
Scientific name:Echis carinatus
Its actual name is Echis and due to the skin structure it is called Saw Scaled Viper.
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| Image credit By Shantanu Kuveskar https://commons.wikimedia.org |
Saw Scaled Viper is the snake of Middle East Asia. Saw Scaled Vipers kill more people in Africa that all the other venomous African snakes combined. Its venom is 5 times more toxic than that of the cobra and 16 more toxic than the Russell’s Viper.
This snakes produces on the average of about 18 mg of dry venom by weight, with a recorded maximum of 72 mg. It may inject as much as 12 mg, whereas the lethal dose for an adult is estimated to be only 5 mg.
Reference1.
4.https://www.thailandsnakes.com/venomous/front-fanged/malayan-krait-blue-krait-highly-toxic-venom/
5.african.com
10.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattlesnake
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